Cataract and Lens Implants

• The central nucleus

• The surrounding cortex

• And the enveloping capsule

Each part - independently or together - may cloud or become opaque, resulting in a cataract.

Some cataracts decrease distance vision, while others predominantly affect near vision, and still others affect both. Depending on your own visual needs, a developing cataract may or may not interfere with your normal lifestyle.

There are different types of cataract with different presentations.

The most common type is Nuclear Sclerosis, where the center of the lens turns dense and yellow. Aside from gradual clouding of the vision, this age-related cataract often causes a shift in focus to near. People who use reading glasses or bifocals may find they no longer need them (second sight).

With a Posterior Subcapsular cataract, the opacity is located at the back surface of the lens. This type of cataract tends to come on quickly, and is associated with more blurring and glare. It may be associated with previous eye trauma, or steroid use.

This creates a blurring of distance vision, but near vision may still be possible if the object is held at the right distance.

Secondary cataract. Cataracts can form after surgery for other eye problems, such as Glaucoma. Cataracts also can develop in people who have other health problems, such as diabetes. Cataracts are sometimes linked to steroid use.

Traumatic cataract. Cataracts can develop after an eye injury, sometimes years later.

Congenital cataract. Some babies are born with cataracts or develop them in childhood, often in both eyes. These cataracts may be so small that they do not affect vision. If they do, the lenses may need to be removed.

Radiation cataract. Cataracts can develop after exposure to some types of radiation.

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